{"id":80067,"date":"2021-03-01T01:00:59","date_gmt":"2021-02-28T22:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=80067"},"modified":"2021-03-01T01:01:02","modified_gmt":"2021-02-28T22:01:02","slug":"dogaya-zarar-vermeden-tuketmek-mumkun-copunu-tani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/dogaya-zarar-vermeden-tuketmek-mumkun-copunu-tani\/","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011faya zarar vermeden t\u00fcketmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn: \u00c7\u00f6p\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi e\u011fitmenlerinden Nil Ormanl\u0131 Balp\u0131nar, Cumhuriyet Gazetesi<\/a>‘nden Hazal Ocak’\u0131n sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlad\u0131: \u201c\u00c7\u00f6p kutumuzu tan\u0131mal\u0131y\u0131z. Ne kadar \u00e7ok t\u00fcketirsek o kadar \u00e7ok at\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar. Gereksiz t\u00fcketmeyi b\u0131rakmal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Nil Ormanl\u0131 Balp\u0131nar<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya iklim krizinin etkilerini yak\u0131ndan hissediyor. Evimizde kendi at\u0131k y\u00f6netim sistemimizi kurarak do\u011faya verdi\u011fimiz zarar\u0131 azaltabiliriz.\u00a0<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

At\u0131k nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

At\u0131k ile \u00e7\u00f6p, g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor asl\u0131nda. Aradaki fark\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz: At\u0131k, bir hammaddedir. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilen, enerji olarak geri kazan\u0131labilen, kompost yap\u0131labilen, \u00f6zellikle de ekonomik de\u011feri olan \u015feylere at\u0131k denir. Geri kalan\u0131 ise \u00e7\u00f6pt\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de at\u0131k sorunu nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cS\u0131f\u0131r At\u0131k\u201d y\u00f6netmeli\u011finin ge\u00e7mesiyle birlikte her il\u00e7e belediyesi kendi at\u0131k y\u00f6netim sistemini olu\u015fturmak zorunda. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda il\u00e7e belediyeleri evsel at\u0131klar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 ve aktarma istasyonlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131ndan da sorumlu. B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir belediyeleri ise at\u0131klar\u0131n bertaraf\u0131 ve yine hammadde olarak geri kazan\u0131m\u0131yla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin bir i\u015ftiraki olarak kurulan \u0130STA\u00c7\u2019ta, \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00e7\u00f6p ve at\u0131klar\u0131 toplan\u0131yor, bertaraf ediliyor, organik at\u0131klardan kompost yap\u0131l\u0131yor, di\u011fer baz\u0131 at\u0131klardan yak\u0131t ve \u00e7\u00f6p gaz\u0131ndan elektrik \u00fcretiliyor. Geri kazan\u0131m ve kompostla\u015ft\u0131rmaya girmeyen at\u0131klar, \u00e7\u00f6p suyunun do\u011faya kar\u0131\u015farak yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131na zarar vermemesi ad\u0131na \u00f6ncelikle s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p \u00fcst\u00fc toprakla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcyor, ard\u0131ndan \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmeyle elde edilen metan i\u00e7erikli gaz, borular arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla emiliyor ve enerjiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geri kazan\u0131m ve kompost metotlar\u0131 ise daha farkl\u0131 i\u015fliyor. \u00d6n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan ge\u00e7en at\u0131klar 80 milimetrelik eleklerden ge\u00e7iriliyor. Elek \u00fcst\u00fcnde kalan malzemeler geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm sistemine giriyor. Ambalaj at\u0131klar\u0131, pet ve plastikler, metaller t\u00fcrevlerine g\u00f6re ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 toplan\u0131yor; pet ve plastikler gran\u00fcl tesisinde k\u0131r\u0131lma i\u015flemine u\u011frat\u0131l\u0131p hammadde haline getiriliyor. Naylonlar ve po\u015fetler ise presleme alan\u0131nda preslenip lisansl\u0131 kurulu\u015flara veriliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131f\u0131r at\u0131k nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tan\u0131msal olarak \u015fu \u015fekilde ge\u00e7iyor: \u201c\u0130sraf\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesini, kaynaklar\u0131n daha verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, at\u0131k olu\u015fum sebeplerinin g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilerek at\u0131k olu\u015fumunun engellenmesi veya minimize edilmesi, at\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 durumunda ise kayna\u011f\u0131nda ayr\u0131 toplanmas\u0131 ve geri kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan at\u0131k y\u00f6netim felsefesi olarak tan\u0131mlanan bir hedeftir\u201d. Tan\u0131mdaki s\u0131f\u0131r kelimesi gere\u011fi, ula\u015f\u0131lmaz bir hedef gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de asl\u0131nda beklenti tabii ki s\u0131f\u0131r de\u011fil, \u00f6nemli olan elimizden gelenin en iyisini yapmak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bireyler ne yapabilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle, evde kendi at\u0131k y\u00f6netim sistemimizi kurmal\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6p kutumuzu tan\u0131mal\u0131y\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin, iki hafta boyunca evdeki \u00e7\u00f6p kutunuzu kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve tek tek not al\u0131n. Ard\u0131ndan bunlar\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclemez ve organik at\u0131k olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131k toplay\u0131n. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilenler i\u00e7in il\u00e7e belediyenizi arayarak sisteme dahil olmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclemeyen at\u0131klar\u0131n alternatiflerini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n, organik at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in ise kompost yap\u0131n. Ayr\u0131ca at\u0131k ya\u011flar\u0131, bitmi\u015f pilleri, bozulan elektronik aletleri, tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015f ila\u00e7lar\u0131 da \u00e7\u00f6pe atmamal\u0131, belediyemize dan\u0131\u015farak ayr\u0131 biriktirmeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Devlet ne yapabilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle at\u0131k ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma konusunu \u00e7\u00f6zmemiz gerekiyor. Yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan at\u0131k sat\u0131n al\u0131yor, onu geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcp hammadde haline getiriyor ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131yoruz. Plastik ihracat\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019da ikinci, d\u00fcnyada 6. s\u0131raday\u0131z. 2 bin 700 – 2 bin 800 tane geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesisimiz var, fakat kendi at\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131yor. Kendi at\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130yi \u015feyler de oluyor. \u201cS\u0131f\u0131r At\u0131k\u201d y\u00f6netmeli\u011finin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla biraz da olsa yol kat etti\u011fimizi s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u015eu anda 49 bin kurum ve kurulu\u015f binas\u0131nda s\u0131f\u0131r at\u0131k sistemi kurulmu\u015f durumda, 2022 sonunda t\u00fcm belediyelerin s\u0131f\u0131r at\u0131k sistemine ge\u00e7mesi bekleniyor. Ayr\u0131ca 2020\u2019nin sonunda, \u00c7evre Ajans\u0131 ve di\u011fer de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle ilgili kanun teklifi Meclis\u2019ten ge\u00e7ti. Yani, art\u0131k bir \u00c7evre Ajans\u0131m\u0131z olacak. Ajans, denetime Ocak 2022\u2019de ba\u015flayacak, depozito-iade sistemi ile y\u0131ll\u0131k bir milyon tondan fazla ilave at\u0131k \u00f6nlenecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018Bir yerden ba\u015flamal\u0131y\u0131z\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201cS\u0131f\u0131r At\u0131k\u201d sistemi tam olarak uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaya ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye nas\u0131l bir etkisi olabilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130klim krizi art\u0131k kap\u0131m\u0131zda. \u201cS\u0131f\u0131r At\u0131k\u201d sistemi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in elimizden gelenin fazlas\u0131n\u0131 bir an \u00f6nce yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. Ger\u00e7ekten bang\u0131r bang\u0131r ba\u011f\u0131rmam\u0131z, elimizi ta\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131na koymam\u0131z gerekirken bu suskunluk insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in iyi olmayacak. \u00c7ok ge\u00e7 olmadan, hepimizin bir yerden ba\u015flamas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Hazal Ocak’\u0131n Nil Ormanl\u0131 Balp\u0131nar ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi r\u00f6portaj 28 \u015eubat 2021 tarihinde Cumhuriyet Gazetesi<\/a>‘nde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi e\u011fitmenlerinden Nil Ormanl\u0131 Balp\u0131nar, Cumhuriyet Gazetesi‘nden Hazal Ocak’\u0131n sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlad\u0131: \u201c\u00c7\u00f6p kutumuzu tan\u0131mal\u0131y\u0131z. Ne kadar \u00e7ok t\u00fcketirsek o kadar \u00e7ok at\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar. Gereksiz t\u00fcketmeyi b\u0131rakmal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d D\u00fcnya iklim krizinin etkilerini yak\u0131ndan…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":80103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[781,84],"tags":[783,15],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80067"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80067"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80129,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80067\/revisions\/80129"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}