{"id":7787,"date":"2020-06-03T16:31:49","date_gmt":"2020-06-03T13:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=7787"},"modified":"2020-06-16T20:25:24","modified_gmt":"2020-06-16T17:25:24","slug":"avrupadan-guzel-haber-pestisitlere-dayali-tarim-sistemi-degisecek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/avrupadan-guzel-haber-pestisitlere-dayali-tarim-sistemi-degisecek\/","title":{"rendered":"Avrupa\u2019dan g\u00fczel haber: Pestisitlere dayal\u0131 tar\u0131m sistemi de\u011fi\u015fecek"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Avrupa Komisyonu, Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131daya eri\u015fimin daha da \u00f6nemli hale geldi\u011fi bug\u00fcnlerde, mevcut tar\u0131m sisteminde reform yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kabul etti ve pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etti.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan \u00c7iftlikten \u00c7atala (F2F) ve Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik (BDS) strateji dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131, mevcut g\u0131da \u00fcretiminin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclemez oldu\u011funu kabul ederek; biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Avrupa G\u0131da Politikas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n merkezine alan ve pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik hedefler belirledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hem F2F hem de BDS\u2019de ortaya konan \u00e7aba ile 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar pestisitlerin genel kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve y\u00fcksek derecede tehlikeli pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n %50 azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, pestisitlerin agroekolojik uygulamalarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar AB\u2019nin tar\u0131m arazilerinin %25\u2019inin organik tar\u0131ma ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve nihayetinde pestisitlerin AB kentsel ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131nda da yasaklanmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Zehirsiz Sofralar Projesi kapsam\u0131nda kurulan ve 100\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve inisiyatifinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Zehirsiz Sofralar Sivil Toplum A\u011f\u0131 da, Kas\u0131m 2019 da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kampanya ile Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan pestisitsiz tar\u0131ma ge\u00e7i\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcnde politikalar izlemesini, kademeli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f ile 2030 y\u0131l\u0131nda pestisitlerin yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strateji d\u00f6k\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren Avrupa Pestisit Eylem A\u011f\u0131 \u00c7evre Politikas\u0131 Y\u00f6neticisi Martin Dermine, tar\u0131mda derinlemesine bir reform yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklili\u011finin kabul edilmesinin ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir devrim oldu\u011funu belirtti ve \u015funlar\u0131 ekledi: \u201cPestisitler, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin azalmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Bu de\u011fi\u015fim, Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 y\u00f6netenler taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olan eylemlerle takip edilmelidir. %50\u2019nin ilerici bir hedef oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yoruz, ancak biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi geri kazanmak i\u00e7in daha fazla \u00e7aba gerekecek. AB\u2019de yirmi y\u0131lda pestisit i\u00e7ermeyen tar\u0131ma ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131 belirlenmeli.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Pestisit Eylem A\u011f\u0131 Kimyasallar Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc Hans Muilerman ise, Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun tarihte ilk kez pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltma hedefleri belirleyerek, tar\u0131m end\u00fcstrisinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya ve bilimi dinlemeye cesaret g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belgeleri de\u011ferlendiren Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Batur \u015eehirlio\u011flu \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cUmut ediyoruz ki Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z da sivil toplumun ve halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hakl\u0131 taleplerini dikkate alarak, pestisitsiz yani zehirsiz bir tar\u0131m i\u00e7in h\u0131zla AB\u2019ye paralel ad\u0131mlar atar. Unutmayal\u0131m ki y\u0131llarca bizleri ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z zehirleyen pestisitler yasakland\u0131ktan onlarca y\u0131l sonra bile do\u011fam\u0131zda, su kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131zda var olmaya ve bizleri zehirlemeye devam edecek. Her ne kadar bu geli\u015fmeyi olumlu kar\u015f\u0131lasak da AB Komisyonu, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FAO), Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kurumlar\u0131n sorumluluklar\u0131 ve g\u00f6revleri do\u011fay\u0131, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemini ba\u015ftan alan politika, strateji ve uygulamalar geli\u015ftirmektir. Zehirlerin onlarca y\u0131l kullan\u0131m\u0131na izin verdikten sonra yasaklamak de\u011fil zararlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015ftan tespit etmek, hi\u00e7 uygulamaya sokmamak ve alternatif uygulama ve teknikleri desteklemektir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan neden vazge\u00e7ilmeli?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

End\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan pestisitler, ba\u015fta anne karn\u0131ndaki bebekler ve \u00e7ocuklar olmak \u00fczere, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit ediyor. Pestisitlerin g\u0131dalarda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kal\u0131nt\u0131, bu g\u0131dalar\u0131 t\u00fcketen insanlarda akut ya da kronik, pek \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131k sorununa yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pestisitler insanlarda k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k, \u00fcreme sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozukluklar\u0131, hormonal sistemde ve sinir sisteminde bozulmalar ve kanser gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bebek ve \u00e7ocuklarda kanser riski 10 kata kadar daha fazla<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kullan\u0131lan pestisitlerin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc hormonal sistem bozucu ve n\u00f6rolojik geli\u015fim bozucu \u00f6zellikler bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Bebekler ve \u00e7ocuklar bu t\u00fcr pestisitlerin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k zarar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en k\u0131r\u0131lgan grubu olu\u015fturuyor. Bebek ve \u00e7ocuklardaki kanser riski yeti\u015fkinlere k\u0131yasla 10 kata kadar art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pestisitler biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi nas\u0131l olumsuz etkiliyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik hayatt\u0131r. Ya\u015fam pek \u00e7ok ekosistemi, pek \u00e7ok t\u00fcr\u00fc ve pek \u00e7ok bireyi kapsar. BM\u2019in May\u0131s 2019\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapora<\/a> g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya genelinde 1 milyon t\u00fcr yok olma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Bu demek oluyor ki, ya\u015fam tehlikede!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fka bir raporda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FAO), d\u00fcnya genelinde g\u0131da \u00fcretiminde ya\u015fanan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn sebebi olarak biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin azalmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Bu durumu tetikleyen en \u00f6nemli unsurlar end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan pestisitler, zararl\u0131 kimyasallar, monok\u00fclt\u00fcr tar\u0131m, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n yok edilmesi ve betonla\u015fma. FAO\u2019nun haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapora <\/a>g\u00f6re tehdit alt\u0131nda olan t\u00fcrler bitkiler, ku\u015flar, bal\u0131klar ve mantarlar. D\u00fcnyadaki g\u0131da \u00fcretiminin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcne katk\u0131 sunan tozlay\u0131c\u0131lar tehdit alt\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tar\u0131msal alanlara, orman veya bah\u00e7elere uygulanan pestisitler havaya, su ve topra\u011fa, oradan da bu ortamlarda ya\u015fayan di\u011fer canl\u0131lara ula\u015f\u0131yor. Bitkilere uygulanan pestisitlerin sadece y\u00fczde 2\u2019si uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanda kal\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 pestisitler t\u00fcrlerin do\u011frudan zehirlenmesine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor ve nadir bulunan t\u00fcrlerde ciddi kay\u0131plara neden oluyor. Di\u011fer pestisitlerse besin zincirinde yava\u015f yava\u015f birikerek yine pek \u00e7ok t\u00fcr\u00fc etkiliyor ve ekosistemin dengesini bozuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vakit kaybetmeden #ZehirsizSofralar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi ve Avrupa Pestisit Eylem A\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Zehirsiz Sofralar Projesi kapsam\u0131nda kurulan Zehirsiz Sofralar Sivil Toplum A\u011f\u0131, Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na y\u00f6nelik ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 imza kampanyas\u0131yla #ZehirsizSofralar i\u00e7in ad\u0131m at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor. Covid-19 nedeniyle sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili kayg\u0131lar\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131dan\u0131n \u00f6neminin her zamankinden daha \u00e7ok hissedildi\u011fi bu kritik d\u00f6nemde, tar\u0131m zehirleri kullan\u0131m\u0131na son verilmesi, alternatif tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntem ve tekniklerinin desteklenmesi i\u00e7in vakit kaybetmeden gereken kararlar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zehirsiz Sofralar Sivil Toplum A\u011f\u0131, Kas\u0131m 2019\u2019da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve 130 binden fazla ki\u015finin imzalayarak destek verdi\u011fi Zehirsiz Kampanya ile Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan \u015fu taleplerde bulunuyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1- D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan \u201cson derece tehlikeli\u201d, \u201cy\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli\u201d ve \u201cmuhtemel kanserojen\u201d olarak belirlenen ve tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan 13 etken madde (Difenacoum, ethoprophos, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, zeta-cypermethrin, fenamiphos, formetanate X formetanate hydrochloride, methiocarb, methomyl, tefluthrin, zinc phosphide, glyphosate, malathion<\/em>) \u00f6ncelikle ve acilen yasaklans\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2- Pestisitlerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yasaklanmas\u0131, do\u011fa dostu, zehirsiz y\u00f6ntemlerle tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan gerekli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ls\u0131n; do\u011fa dostu tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri ve bu y\u00f6ntemlerle tar\u0131m yapan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticiler desteklensin; \u00fcreticileri do\u011fa dostu, zehirsiz y\u00f6ntemler kullanmaya te\u015fvik edecek politikalar uygulans\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3- T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde kullan\u0131lan pestisitlerle ilgili denetimler art\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n, elde edilen denetim sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilgili \u015feffafl\u0131k sa\u011flans\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kampanya linki: Change.org\/ZehirsizSofralar<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Zehirsiz Sofralar Projesi pestisitlerin zararlar\u0131 konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak amac\u0131yla Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi ve Avrupa Pestisit Eylem A\u011f\u0131 (PAN Europe) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan Sivil Toplum Diyalo\u011fu V Program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda destekleniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ZEH\u0130RS\u0130Z SOFRALAR S\u0130V\u0130L TOPLUM A\u011eI<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Avrupa Komisyonu, Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131daya eri\u015fimin daha da \u00f6nemli hale geldi\u011fi bug\u00fcnlerde, mevcut tar\u0131m sisteminde reform yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kabul etti ve pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etti. Avrupa Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan \u00c7iftlikten \u00c7atala (F2F)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7788,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[336,41,337],"tags":[594,595,599,328],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7787"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7787"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7966,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7787\/revisions\/7966"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}