{"id":6329,"date":"2020-03-07T06:49:54","date_gmt":"2020-03-07T03:49:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=6329"},"modified":"2020-05-19T16:36:34","modified_gmt":"2020-05-19T13:36:34","slug":"dunyayi-zehirleyerek-milyarlarca-dolar-kazaniyorlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/dunyayi-zehirleyerek-milyarlarca-dolar-kazaniyorlar\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyay\u0131 zehirleyerek milyarlarca dolar kazan\u0131yorlar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u00fcnya piyasas\u0131na hakim be\u015f tar\u0131m kimyasal\u0131 \u015firketi, insan ve \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu tespit edilen y\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli pestisitlerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan milyarlarca dolar elde ediyor.<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan kimyasallara ili\u015fkin 2018 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen Unearthed ve Public Eye yay\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen tar\u0131m kimyasal\u0131 \u015firketleri sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n %35\u2019ini, insanlara, hayvanlara veya ekosisteme \u201dy\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde zararl\u0131 pestisitler (YZP)\u201d olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f pestisitlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pestisit piyasas\u0131, be\u015f \u015firketin hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda: Bayer, BASF, Syngenta, FMC ve Corteva (eski Dow ve DuPont). Analize g\u00f6re bu be\u015f \u015firket k\u00fcresel tar\u0131m zehiri ( pestisit ) pazar\u0131n\u0131n %65\u2019ini elinde bulunduruyor\u00a0 ve CropLife International lobi grubunun alt\u0131 \u00fcyesinden be\u015fini olu\u015fturuyor. Analize g\u00f6re, bu \u015firketler 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda, kanser veya \u00fcreme sorunu gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen YZP i\u00e7eren 4,8 milyar dolar de\u011ferindeki \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, toplam gelirlerinin %35\u2019ini elde etti.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"

CropLife \u015firketlerinin 2018\u2019de en \u00e7ok satanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde zararl\u0131 pestisitlerin en az birini i\u00e7eren 773 farkl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn bulunmaktayd\u0131.
<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu be\u015f \u015firketin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f gelirleri ise 68 milyon dolar. Bu gelirin %16\u2019s\u0131 insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve ekosisteme zarar veren y\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli pestisitlerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde edildi.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, tar\u0131m ticareti istihbarat \u015firketi Phillip McDougall\u2019\u0131n elindeki kapsaml\u0131 pestisit sat\u0131\u015f verilerinin analiz edilmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu \u015firket, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada detayl\u0131 pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor ve pestisit \u015firketlerine bu bilgileri sat\u0131yor. Veriler, 2018\u2019de 57,6 milyar dolar de\u011ferindeki k\u00fcresel tar\u0131m pestisitleri pazar\u0131n\u0131n %40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 temsil ediyor ve k\u00fcresel pestisit pazar\u0131n\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan, 43 \u00fclkeyi kaps\u0131yor.\u00a0 Sat\u0131\u015f verileri daha sonra Uluslararas\u0131 Pestisit Eylem A\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (PAN International), D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, Uluslararas\u0131 Kanser Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Ajans\u0131 vb. g\u00fcvenilir kurumlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 referans alarak olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u201cY\u00fcksek D\u00fczeyde Zararl\u0131 Pestisitler Listesi\u201d ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve gelirlerinin ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n hangi pestisitlerden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unearthed ve Public Eye analizine g\u00f6re, bu be\u015f \u015firketin sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse d\u00f6rtte birini, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde olumsuz etkilere yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen kanserojen veya olas\u0131 kanserojen pestisitler olu\u015fturuyor. Ayr\u0131ca, analizde, sat\u0131lan pestisitlerin %4’\u00fcn\u00fcn, insanlarda akut zehirlenmeye yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ayr\u0131ca, baz\u0131lar\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da yasaklanm\u0131\u015f olan, ar\u0131lar i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek derecede zehirli kimyasallar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, be\u015f \u015firketin bir milyar dolar\u0131n \u00fczerinde kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya kondu. 
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BM Zararl\u0131 Maddeler ve \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u00d6zel S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Baskut Tuncak: \u2018\u2018Bu g\u00fcnde ve \u00e7a\u011fda, \u015firketlerin YZP\u2019ler \u00fczerinden bu kadar para kazanmas\u0131 uygun de\u011fil. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin s\u00fcrekli kullan\u0131m\u0131 hem s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir de\u011fil, hem de d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda insan haklar\u0131 ihl\u00e2llerine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.\u2019\u2019
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2017\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan bir BM raporunda, pestisit \u015firketleri i\u00e7in \u201dzararlar\u0131n sistematik ink\u00e2r\u0131\u201d, \u201dagresif ve etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 pazarlama y\u00f6ntemleri\u201d ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet i\u00e7inde lobicilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapmak iddialar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirildi ve bu \u015firketler \u201dreformlar\u0131 engelleyerek, k\u00fcresel pestisit k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131 fel\u00e7 etmek\u201d ile itham edildi. Raporda, artan d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun pestisitler olmadan beslenemeyece\u011fi iddias\u0131, \u201dbir masal\u201d olarak nitelendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n


<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok satan tar\u0131m kimyasallar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, BASF\u2019\u0131n ot \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc glufosinate<\/em> ve Corteva\u2019n\u0131n fungisiti cyproconazole<\/em> bulunuyor. Bunlar\u0131n ikisi de AB taraf\u0131ndan, do\u011furganl\u0131k, cinsel i\u015flev veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7an kimyasallar s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Fakat, CropLife\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ara en \u00e7ok satan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, Uluslararas\u0131 Kanser Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Ajans\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u201dmuhtemel kanserojen\u201d s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na al\u0131nan ot zehiri etken maddesi glifosat<\/em>. Glifosat <\/em>\u00fcreticisi Bayer ve \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00fczenleme kurumlar\u0131, bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 reddediyor. 
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u00fcretiliyor<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer \u00fclkeler ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 68 milyon dolarl\u0131k pestisit sat\u0131\u015f gelirinin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa ve ekosisteme zarar veren y\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli pestisitlerden elde edilmesi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, s\u00f6z konusu tehlikeli pestisitlerin bu be\u015f \u015firket d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da \u00fcretildi\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tablonun daha korkutucu hale geliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin glifosat<\/em> etken maddesini i\u00e7eren pestisitler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sadece Bayer d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 10 \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan daha \u00fcretiliyor. Di\u011fer y\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli pestisitler i\u00e7in de benzer bir tablo Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Bitki Koruma \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Dijital Veritaban\u0131 incelendi\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. (bku.tarim.gov.tr<\/a>)
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u00e7ift\u00e7isinin cebinden \u00e7\u0131kan 68 milyon dolarl\u0131k pestisitler, g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fine, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe zarar verdi\u011fi gibi \u00fcr\u00fcn verimini art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik bir katk\u0131 da sunmuyor. 2014-2018 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda  pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131 %51 artmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hektar ba\u015f\u0131na ton olarak bu\u011fdaydaki verim art\u0131\u015f\u0131 %14, meyve grubunda %14, sebze de %8 ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finde %6,5, patateste %4,5. Mercimekte ise verim kayb\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in zehirsiz sofralar<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201dZehirsiz Sofralar\u201d Projesi kapsam\u0131nda 100\u2019\u00fc a\u015fk\u0131n sivil toplum kurulu\u015fu taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Zehirsiz Sofralar Sivil Toplum A\u011f\u0131, Kas\u0131m 2019\u2019da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zehirsiz Kampanya ile Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan \u015fu taleplerde bulunuyor:
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan \u201cson derece tehlikeli\u201d, \u201cy\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli\u201d ve \u201cmuhtemel kanserojen\u201d olarak belirlenen ve tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan 13 etken madde (Difenacoum, ethoprophos, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, zeta-cypermethrin, fenamiphos, formetanate X formetanate hydrochloride, methiocarb, methomyl, tefluthrin, zinc phosphide, glyphosate, malathion<\/em>) \u00f6ncelikle ve acilen yasaklans\u0131n.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2-Pestisitlerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yasaklanmas\u0131, do\u011fa dostu, zehirsiz y\u00f6ntemlerle tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan gerekli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ls\u0131n; do\u011fa dostu tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri ve bu y\u00f6ntemlerle tar\u0131m yapan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticiler desteklensin; \u00fcreticileri do\u011fa dostu, zehirsiz y\u00f6ntemler kullanmaya te\u015fvik edecek politikalar uygulans\u0131n.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde kullan\u0131lan pestisitlerle ilgili denetimler art\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n, elde edilen denetim sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilgili \u015feffafl\u0131k sa\u011flans\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kampanya linki: Change.org\/ZehirsizSofralar<\/a>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zehirsiz Sofralar Projesi pestisitlerin zararlar\u0131 konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak amac\u0131yla Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi ve Avrupa Pestisit Eylem A\u011f\u0131 (PAN Europe) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan Sivil Toplum Diyalo\u011fu V Program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda destekleniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ZEH\u0130RS\u0130Z SOFRALAR S\u0130V\u0130L TOPLUM A\u011eI<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynaklar:
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1- https:\/\/unearthed.greenpeace.org\/2020\/02\/20\/pesticides-croplife-hazardous-bayer-syngenta-health-bees\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2- https:\/\/bku.tarim.gov.tr\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnya piyasas\u0131na hakim be\u015f tar\u0131m kimyasal\u0131 \u015firketi, insan ve \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu tespit edilen y\u00fcksek seviyede tehlikeli pestisitlerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan milyarlarca dolar elde ediyor. Tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan kimyasallara ili\u015fkin 2018 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen Unearthed ve Public Eye…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[337],"tags":[528,328],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6329"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6329"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6335,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6329\/revisions\/6335"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}