Ar\u0131lar h\u0131zla \u00f6l\u00fcyor ve Amerikan h\u00fck\u00fbmeti \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ar\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden, en az\u0131ndan k\u0131sm\u00ee olarak, sorumlu oldu\u011funu sonunda kabul etti. D\u00fcnyada milyonlarca ar\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ya\u015fam temellerimizden biri olan g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de ciddi boyutta tehlikeye at\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmse, do\u011fayla uyumlu, insan ve canl\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkilemeyen s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ekolojik y\u00f6ntemlerde…<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
10 y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcredir, Birle\u015fik Devletler \u00c7evre Koruma Ajans\u0131 (EPA) daha \u00f6nce kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131klar\u0131 bir b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olan neonik (Neonicotinoid)\u2019lerin yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesi konusunda \u00e7evreciler ve ar\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan bask\u0131 alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Bu bask\u0131, bu tip kimyasallar\u0131n ar\u0131 ve di\u011fer tozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lara zarar verdi\u011fini g\u00f6steren bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucuna dayanmaktayd\u0131. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde yay\u0131nlanan raporla (1), EPA bu durumu sonunda kabul etti.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk olarak Avrupal\u0131 kimyasal devleri Sygenta ve Bayer taraf\u0131ndan pazarlanan, daha sonra ba\u015fka firmalar taraf\u0131ndan da piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclen neonikler, Birle\u015fik Devletler ve d\u00fcnyada en yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131. 2009\u2019da ajans, bu kimyasallar\u0131n uzun ve yava\u015f bir \u2018yeniden de\u011ferlendirme\u2019 s\u00fcrecine ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kimyasallar s\u0131n\u0131f olarak de\u011fil, tek tek (toplamda 5 adet) de\u011ferlendirildi. Bu arada onlarca milyon hektarl\u0131k tar\u0131ma elveri\u015fli arazi alan\u0131 her y\u0131l neoniklerle\u00a0 ila\u00e7lan\u0131yor ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bal ar\u0131s\u0131 kovanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 durumu devam ediyor.<\/p>\n
EPA\u2019n\u0131n uzun zamand\u0131r beklenen de\u011ferlendirmesi, en \u00e7ok \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan neoniklerden birinin \u2013Bayer\u2019in \u0130midakloprid\u2019i- ar\u0131lar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fi \u00fczerinde odaklan\u0131yor ve ar\u0131lar\u0131n tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen miktarda, yani milyarda 25 partik\u00fclden y\u00fcksek oranda imidakloprid ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131 durumunda zarar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyuyor. Maalesef bu etkiler tozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bal \u00fcretimindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de kaps\u0131yor. Ajans\u0131n raporunda, \u0130midakloprid\u2019in narenciye ve pamuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda di\u011fer ekili \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fczerindeki etkileri ve d\u00f6rt di\u011fer neonik \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011ferlendirmesi maalesef yer alm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Zehir end\u00fcstrisi<\/strong><\/p>\n Neonik i\u00e7eren b\u00f6cek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin ar\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ku\u015flar ve benzeri canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl oldu\u011funu belirten \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da var (2). Yap\u0131lan d\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle ku\u015f, kelebek ve suda ya\u015fayan omurgas\u0131zlar\u0131 da etkiledi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Sistemik oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in besinlerin soyulmas\u0131 veya y\u0131kanmas\u0131yla temizlenemeyen neonik i\u00e7erikli tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131,\u00a0ya\u015fam temellerimizden biri olan g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de ciddi boyutta tehlikeye at\u0131yor. Neonik ve benzeri tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131, ayn\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6ren do\u011fa dostu b\u00f6ceksavarlarla ve\/veya y\u00f6ntemlerle de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilirler.<\/p>\n Ne yaz\u0131k ki tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131, g\u00fcbreler, hormonlar, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ekosistem \u00fczerindeki etkilerine y\u00f6nelik uzun vadeli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131lmadan kullan\u0131ma sunuluyor. EPA gibi yap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6revi, y\u0131llarca kullan\u0131mdan sonra yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ile bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmek veya yasaklamak de\u011fil, kullan\u0131ma sunulmadan gerekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak olmal\u0131. Ekosistemimizi y\u0131k\u0131ma u\u011fratan bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fclkemizde de yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m. Zehirli kimyasallar i\u00e7eren ila\u00e7lar kullanmayan, do\u011fayla uyumlu ekolojik\/organik \u00fcretim yapan \u00fcreticilerin desteklenmesi ve \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 bu nedenle \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. \u0130lgili kurumlar ve karar vericiler, bu konudaki yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fclkemizde de h\u0131zl\u0131ca uygulamal\u0131, denetim ve bilin\u00e7lendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermeli ve ekolojik, do\u011fayla dost ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir y\u00f6ntemleri te\u015fvik etmeli.<\/p>\n Ar\u0131 yoksa g\u0131da da yok<\/strong><\/p>\n Yo\u011fun b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131, habitat kayb\u0131, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, dengesiz \u015fehirle\u015fme, ar\u0131larla birlikte pek \u00e7ok tozlay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n endi\u015fe verici \u015fekilde azalmas\u0131na sebep oluyor.\u00a0Bu\u011fday Derne\u011fi olarak, ar\u0131lara ve di\u011fer tozlay\u0131c\u0131lara, do\u011fa dostu ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa destek olmak i\u00e7in yeni bir projeye ba\u015flad\u0131k. Avrupa Birli\u011fi Erasmus+ Program\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen “Ekolojik Ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k E\u011fitimi<\/strong>” Projesi ile ortaklar\u0131m\u0131zla birlikte geleneksel ve do\u011fa dostu ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k bilgisini yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak, tecr\u00fcbelerimizi payla\u015fmak ve do\u011fa dostu ar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve talebi art\u0131rarak arza destek olmak amac\u0131nday\u0131z.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ar\u0131 yoksa g\u0131da da yok!<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n *\u00c7eviri deste\u011fi i\u00e7in, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00e7evirmenimiz \u0130rem Abac\u0131’ya te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederiz.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ar\u0131lar h\u0131zla \u00f6l\u00fcyor ve Amerikan h\u00fck\u00fbmeti \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ar\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden, en az\u0131ndan k\u0131sm\u00ee olarak, sorumlu oldu\u011funu sonunda kabul etti. D\u00fcnyada milyonlarca ar\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ya\u015fam temellerimizden biri…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":329,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/328"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=328"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/328\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":354,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/328\/revisions\/354"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n