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Yaz\u0131: Ahmet Taha Akkoca – \u0130leti\u015fim G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fc (Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi Bah\u00e7e Bitkileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011frencisi) | Foto\u011fraf: Solarbaba<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Son zamanlarda g\u00fcndemimiz COP31. BM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ev sahipli\u011finde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor olmas\u0131 bir yana Nepal\u2019de ya\u015fanan sel felaketi iklim krizinin ne b\u00fcy\u00fck afetlere neden olabilece\u011fini bir kez daha hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Nepal\u2019de binlerce can kayb\u0131na neden olan sel felaketiyle ilgili Reuters taraf\u0131ndan aktar\u0131lan uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011ferlendiren biliminsanlar\u0131, afetin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda bir buzulun alt b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden kopan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u00fctlenin y\u00fczlerce metre a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vadi taban\u0131na \u00e7arpmas\u0131n\u0131n etkili olmu\u015f olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Avrupa\u2019dan Kanada\u2019ya yaz boyu s\u00fcren orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan nedeni olmasa da say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fiddetini art\u0131ran da iklim krizinin etkisiyle artan s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar ya\u015fan\u0131rken T\u00fcrkiye COP31 Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda, k\u00fcresel elektrifikasyon oran\u0131n\u0131 2035’e kadar mevcut y\u00fczde 21 seviyesinden y\u00fczde 35’e \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 hedefledi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bu hedefe ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in planlanan yat\u0131r\u0131mlardan biri g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi santralleri. Enerji \u00fcretiminden \u00f6nce tasarrufuna y\u00f6nelmek ya da yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 uzun bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkeler hem enerji ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek hem de CO2 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 dengelemek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, \u00e7evre dostu enerji kaynaklar\u0131na y\u00f6neliyor. Ancak artan n\u00fcfusla birlikte g\u0131da talebi de b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam ediyor. Bu durumda giderek artan bir arazi rekabeti ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Arazilerin g\u00fcne\u015f panellerine mi ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yoksa \u00fcretime mi devam edilece\u011fi sorusu ak\u0131llar\u0131 kurcalayabiliyor. \u0130\u015fte burada \u015fu soruyu sorabiliriz: Neden ikisi birlikte olmas\u0131n? Agrivoltaik sistemler, ayn\u0131 arazide hem tar\u0131m yapmay\u0131 hem de enerji \u00fcretmeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/strong> Yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bu yenilik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n arazi verimlili\u011fini %70’e varan oranlarda art\u0131rma potansiyeli bulundu\u011fu belirtiliyor (Roxani vd., 2023; Thakur vd., 2025). Avrupa’da tar\u0131m arazilerinin yaln\u0131zca %1’inde agrivoltaik uygulanarak 900 GW’den fazla g\u00fcne\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc sa\u011flayabildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor (Klokov vd., 2023). B\u00f6ylece enerji ve g\u0131da \u00fczerinden ikili gelir elde edilmi\u015f oluyor. Bu durum, birim alandan sa\u011flanan gelirin neredeyse ikiye katlanmas\u0131 potansiyelini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sistemlerin yerel iklime ve araziye \u00f6zel olarak<\/strong> -panel y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ve aralar\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluklar gibi detaylarla- tasarlanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli.<\/strong> Bel\u00e7ika’da \u015feker pancar\u0131 ve bu\u011fday ile yap\u0131lan denemeler, dikey ve izleme sistemli agrivoltaik kurulumlar\u0131n\u0131n toprak e\u015fde\u011ferlik oran\u0131n\u0131n pozitif oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor (Reher vd., 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00f6lge toleransl\u0131 bitkiler agrivoltaik sistemlerden olumlu y\u00f6nde etkileniyor<\/strong> (Njema vd., 2025). Panellerin alt\u0131nda olu\u015fan mikroklima sayesinde \u0131s\u0131 stresini azalt\u0131p \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde su tasarrufu sa\u011flanabiliyor. Akdeniz iklimindeki \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131nda bu uygulaman\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcm verimini art\u0131rabildi\u011fi bildiriliyor fakat m\u0131s\u0131r ve bu\u011fday gibi g\u00fcne\u015fi seven bitkilerde baz\u0131 riskler bulundu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu t\u00fcr bitkilerde g\u00f6lgeleme y\u00fcz\u00fcnden verim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fleri ya\u015fanabilece\u011finin alt\u0131 \u00e7iziliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Panellerin olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6lgeleme sayesinde buharla\u015fmayla kaybedilen su azalt\u0131labilir; bitkiler don olaylar\u0131ndan ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131caklardan korunabilir. Ayr\u0131ca bu sistemler, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunarak daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir yap\u0131 sunabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Elbette bu teknolojinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken baz\u0131 engellerin bulunabilece\u011fi de unutulmamal\u0131. \u00d6zellikle ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 maliyetlerinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 ya da r\u00fczg\u00e2r y\u00fckleri gibi teknik detaylar\u0131n hen\u00fcz tam anlam\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken noktalar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 elektrifikasyon hedefiyle birlikte GES yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na ilginin art\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bu noktada standartlar\u0131 belirleyecek olan yasal d\u00fczenlemeler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz ediyor. Fransa, \u0130ngiltere ve Almanya tar\u0131msal verimlili\u011fi, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve meralara kurulacak GES\u2019ler i\u00e7in otlat\u0131lan s\u00fcr\u00fclerin y\u00f6netimini dikkate alan d\u00fczenlemeler getirmi\u015f durumda. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131msal arazilerde g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi santrali (GES) kurma standartlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen belli bir kanun hen\u00fcz yok. Ge\u00e7erli olan en temel belirleyici d\u00fczenleme, Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n 2023-6 say\u0131l\u0131 Genelgesi ve 5403 say\u0131l\u0131 Toprak Koruma ve Arazi Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Kanunu. Tar\u0131m arazilerinde G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Santrali (GES) kurulumu temel olarak arazinin kuru marjinal tar\u0131m arazisi niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. Verimli arazilerde ise sulama pompalar\u0131 vb. ihtiya\u00e7lara y\u00f6nelik ve \u00e7ok k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 alanlarda (%1,5 taban alan\u0131) kuruluma izin veriliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u0131da ve enerji gibi insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en temel iki ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in se\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yol gezegenin gelece\u011fini belirleyecek. Bu\u011fday Derne\u011fi olarak sekt\u00f6rler aras\u0131 rekabette insan ve do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131n ya\u015fam haklar\u0131n\u0131n ve do\u011fal d\u00f6ng\u00fclerin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015flerli\u011finin \u00f6nceli\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunuyoruz. Ve bu yolda, t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar i\u00e7in ekolojik, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, adil ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olan \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim sistemlerinin kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya, bu alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 desteklemeye devam ediyoruz.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/p>\n\n\n\n Klokov, A., Loktionov, E., Loktionov, Y. V., Panchenko, V., & Shraborova, E. S. (2023). A Mini-Review of Current Activities and Future Trends in Agrivoltaics. Energies.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Njema, G. G., Rono, N., Mosonik, B. C., & Kibet, J. (2025). A review on advances towards achieving net-zero carbon footprint through sustainable agrivoltaic technology. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 49<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Reher, T., Lavaert, C., Willockx, B., Huyghe, Y., Bisschop, J., Martens, J. A., Diels, J., & Cappelle, J. (2024). Potential of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in vertical bifacial, tracked, or elevated agrivoltaic systems in Belgium. Applied Energy<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Roxani, A., Zisos, A., Sakki, G., & Efstratiadis, A. (2023). Multidimensional Role of Agrovoltaics in Era of EU Green Deal: Current Status and Analysis of Water\u2013Energy\u2013Food\u2013Land Dependencies. Land<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thakur, V., Sharma, S., Kumar, A., H., A. P., Kumar, A., Kumar, R., Sharma, N., Thakur, S., & Sharma, S. (2025). Exploring the impact of Agrovoltaics on horticultural crop yields and environmental stress mitigation: A comprehensive review. Ecological Frontiers<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yaz\u0131: Ahmet Taha Akkoca – \u0130leti\u015fim G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fc (Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi Bah\u00e7e Bitkileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011frencisi) | Foto\u011fraf: Solarbaba Son zamanlarda g\u00fcndemimiz COP31. BM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ev sahipli\u011finde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor olmas\u0131 bir yana Nepal\u2019de ya\u015fanan…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":300726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1646,804,18,1490,41,1547,715,1551],"tags":[1647,579,474,1043],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300725"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=300725"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":300755,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300725\/revisions\/300755"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/300726"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=300725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=300725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=300725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}