{"id":300160,"date":"2026-03-11T21:49:04","date_gmt":"2026-03-11T18:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=300160"},"modified":"2026-03-17T13:51:24","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T10:51:24","slug":"yasayan-ve-kendi-kendini-onaran-yapilar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/yasayan-ve-kendi-kendini-onaran-yapilar\/","title":{"rendered":"Ya\u015fayan ve Kendi Kendini Onaran Yap\u0131lar\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Yaz\u0131: Anthony King | \u00c7eviri: B\u00fc\u015fra Demircan &#8211; Bu\u011fday Derne\u011fi \u0130leti\u015fim G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Avrupa Birli\u011fi destekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, tar\u0131msal at\u0131klar \u00fczerinde mantar yeti\u015ftirerek in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde devrim yaratmaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor. Geli\u015ftirilen bu ak\u0131ll\u0131\u00a0ve \u00e7evreci yap\u0131 malzemeleri, \u00e7evrelerine uyum sa\u011flama, tepki verme ve hatta kendi hasarlar\u0131n\u0131 onarma yetene\u011fine sahip.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yeni \u201cya\u015fayan\u201d yap\u0131 malzemeleri geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in <em>Schizophyllum commune<\/em> (T\u00fcyl\u00fc Maymuncuk) mantar\u0131n\u0131n ince ipliksi a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hollanda\u2019daki ofisinde Profes\u00f6r Han W\u00f6sten, elinde sert ve s\u00fcngerimsi bir blok tutuyor. Bu, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda mantarlar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k k\u00f6k a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 (miselyum) kullanarak \u00fcretti\u011fi bir malzeme.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Utrecht \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde molek\u00fcler biyoloji profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan W\u00f6sten\u2019in bu malzemenin potansiyeline dair cesur bir \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc var: <strong>\u201cBundan on y\u0131l sonra, ilk mantar binalara sahip olmal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W\u00f6sten\u2019in bahsetti\u011fi \u015fey k\u00fcfl\u00fc duvarlar de\u011fil; \u00e7ok daha heyecan verici bir ger\u00e7eklik: Canl\u0131, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve y\u00fcksek potansiyelli materyaller. Ormanda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir mantar, asl\u0131nda devasa bir sistemin, buzda\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ucudur; topra\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda, bazen tonlarca a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fabilen devasa bir <strong>miselyum a\u011f\u0131 <\/strong>gizlidir. <strong>\u201cDo\u011fan\u0131n \u0130nterneti\u201d<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu yap\u0131; mantarlar\u0131 besleyen, kaynak ve bilgi payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yoluyla bitkileri birbirine ba\u011flayan canl\u0131 bir iplik\u00e7ik (hif) a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W\u00f6sten ve ekibi, bu biyolojik iplik\u00e7ikleri; plastik, ah\u015fap ve deriye alternatif olabilecek, do\u011fada \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir malzemelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu yenilik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m moda, mobilya ve in\u015faat sekt\u00f6rlerinde \u015fimdiden yeni kullan\u0131m alanlarda kendini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MantarlardanMimariye-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"522\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MantarlardanMimariye-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-300161\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MantarlardanMimariye-2.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MantarlardanMimariye-2-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MantarlardanMimariye-2-768x401.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gelece\u011fe Haz\u0131r &#8220;Ya\u015fayan&#8221; Binalar&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan (Bel\u00e7ika, Danimarka, Yunanistan, Hollanda, Norve\u00e7 ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k) ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, radikal bir sorunun pe\u015finden gidiyor: <strong>\u0130n\u015faat malzemelerimiz b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilse, kendi kendini onarabilse ve \u00e7evresini hissedebilse ne olurdu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AB destekli <strong>Fungateria<\/strong> ara\u015ft\u0131rma giri\u015fimi, mantar miselyumlar\u0131n\u0131 bakterilerle birle\u015ftirerek <strong>\u201cYa\u015fayan M\u00fchendislik Malzemeleri\u201d (ELM)<\/strong> geli\u015ftiriyor. Geleneksel beton veya plasti\u011fin aksine bu malzemeler; b\u00fcy\u00fcyebiliyor, \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131 onarabiliyor ve zamanla \u00e7evrelerine uyum sa\u011flayabiliyor. Hedeflenen vizyon olduk\u00e7a \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131: Kendi \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131 kapatan duvarlar, CO2 emen yap\u0131 bloklar\u0131 veya havay\u0131 temizleyen y\u00fczeyler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u00fcy\u00fcme Kontrol\u00fc: Do\u011fay\u0131 Dizginlemek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130n\u015faat i\u00e7in mantar hifleri, tar\u0131msal at\u0131klarla beslenerek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, hafif ve yal\u0131tkan bir kompozit olu\u015fturmaya te\u015fvik ediliyor. Ancak g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in bu b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi kontrol etmek kritik. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, genellikle \u00f6l\u00fc odun \u00fczerinde yeti\u015fen <em>Schizophyllum commune<\/em> t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131yor. Yap\u0131 tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, mantar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 ah\u015fap destekleri &#8220;yememesi&#8221; i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin durdurulmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu kontrol s\u00fcreci iki ana y\u00f6ntemle sa\u011flan\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Do\u011fal Sinyaller:<\/strong> I\u015f\u0131k ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimleri mantara b\u00fcy\u00fcme veya durma komutu veriyor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Genetik M\u00fchendislik:<\/strong> Bel\u00e7ika\u2019daki Gent \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde geli\u015ftirilen \u00f6zel bakteriler, mantar\u0131 besleyen temel besinleri sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bu bakteriler \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde mantar b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi duruyor. Hatta bu bakteriler, ihtiya\u00e7 an\u0131nda mantar \u00f6nleyici bile\u015fikler salg\u0131layacak \u015fekilde programlanabiliyor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck At\u0131k, Y\u00fcksek Verimlilik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu teknoloji sadece estetik bir tercih de\u011fil, ekolojik bir zorunluluk. \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, AB&#8217;deki toplam at\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te birinden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Beton \u00fcretimi atmosfere devasa miktarlarda CO2 salarken, <strong>mantar kompozit binalar tar\u0131msal at\u0131klar\u0131 yap\u0131 malzemesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek karbon ayak izini radikal bi\u00e7imde azaltabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bir Mimari Devrim: Binalar\u0131 &#8220;Organizma&#8221; Olarak G\u00f6rmek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Binalarda canl\u0131 organizmalar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 fikri baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tedirgin edebilir. Ancak Kopenhag\u2019daki Danimarka Kraliyet Mimarl\u0131k Akademisi&#8217;nden Profes\u00f6r Phil Ayres&#8217;e g\u00f6re bu, zamanla a\u015f\u0131lacak bir toplumsal e\u015fik: &#8220;Y\u00fczlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r i\u00e7inde canl\u0131 organizmalar olan g\u0131dalar t\u00fcketiyoruz. Ancak bu organizmalar\u0131n in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki potansiyelini sadece son 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r inceliyoruz.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayres, mimarlar\u0131n &#8220;malzemelerin sabit ve kontrol edilebilir oldu\u011fu&#8221; y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki dogmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kmak istiyor. \u201cBinalar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fim halinde olan organizmalar gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flarsak, do\u011fayla daha derin ba\u011flar\u0131 olan bir mimari yaratabiliriz.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gelece\u011fin yap\u0131lar\u0131 in\u015fa edilmeyecek, do\u011fan\u0131n i\u00e7inde yeti\u015ftirilecek!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130\u015fbirlikleri 2026 sonuna kadar devam edecek olan Fungateria ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, mantarlar\u0131n kurakl\u0131k ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k gibi stresli ko\u015fullarda bile hayatta kalabildi\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibinin lideri Profes\u00f6r W\u00f6sten \u201cGelecekte, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 yap\u0131n\u0131n ah\u015fap oldu\u011fu ve mantar\u0131n bu ah\u015fap iskelet boyunca ve aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tamamen yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f binalar g\u00f6rebilece\u011fimizi hayal ediyorum\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere y\u00f6nelik k\u00fcresel talep artt\u0131k\u00e7a, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar mimarinin yaln\u0131zca do\u011fadan ilham almakla kalmay\u0131p do\u011fan\u0131n kendisinden \u00fcretildi\u011fi bir gelece\u011fe i\u015faret ediyor: Ya\u015fayan, uyum sa\u011flayan ve \u00e7evresindeki ekosistemlerle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f yap\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/101071145\">Fungateria<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fungateria.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fungateria project website<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu\/industry\/sustainability\/buildings-and-construction_en\">EU policy on buildings and construction<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu\/research-area\/industrial-research-and-innovation\/chemicals-and-advanced-materials_en\">EU chemicals and advanced materials research and innovation<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yaz\u0131: Anthony King | \u00c7eviri: B\u00fc\u015fra Demircan &#8211; Bu\u011fday Derne\u011fi \u0130leti\u015fim G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fc Avrupa Birli\u011fi destekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, tar\u0131msal at\u0131klar \u00fczerinde mantar yeti\u015ftirerek in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde devrim yaratmaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor. Geli\u015ftirilen bu ak\u0131ll\u0131\u00a0ve \u00e7evreci yap\u0131 malzemeleri, \u00e7evrelerine uyum sa\u011flama,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":300163,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[804,1461,18,349,716,832],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300160"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=300160"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":300229,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300160\/revisions\/300229"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/300163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=300160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=300160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=300160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}