{"id":299159,"date":"2025-05-14T19:19:22","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T16:19:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=299159"},"modified":"2025-05-20T20:06:46","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T17:06:46","slug":"iklim-krizine-dayanikli-turlerimizi-korumamiz-gerekir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/iklim-krizine-dayanikli-turlerimizi-korumamiz-gerekir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u0130klim krizine dayan\u0131kl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerimizi korumam\u0131z gerekir\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Prof. Dr. Necmi Aksoy, Nisan ay\u0131nda D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u201cAnadolu A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00c7al\u0131lar\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 bir sergi organize etti. D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi, S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler \u00dcretim Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi ile Kariyer Geli\u015ftirme ve Mezun \u0130zleme Uygulama Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi i\u015f birli\u011finde \u201cBa\u011f, Bah\u00e7e, \u00c7i\u00e7ek Konferanslar\u0131\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler Botanik Bah\u00e7esi \u201cBotanik ve Do\u011fa M\u00fczesi\u2019nde\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sergi, Anadolu\u2019nun hem k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hem de genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini yans\u0131tan a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcrlerini tan\u0131t\u0131yor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00f6portaj: Azra \u00c7elik G\u00f6kdan (G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u0130leti\u015fim Ekibi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu\u2019nun Gen Kayna\u011f\u0131 olan A\u011fa\u00e7lar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Denizli\u2019nin bereketli topraklar\u0131nda, Menderes\u2019in sulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ay\u0131rlarda ba\u015flayan bir do\u011fa yolculu\u011fu\u2026 Orman m\u00fchendisi, botanik\u00e7i ve do\u011fa korumac\u0131 Prof. Dr. Necmi Aksoy\u2019un \u00e7ocukluk y\u0131llar\u0131nda ba\u015flayan merak\u0131, onu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda flora ve ekosistemler \u00fczerine iz s\u00fcren bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. Akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, do\u011fa koruma alan\u0131nda WWF gibi kurulu\u015flarla da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan. Bu\u011fday Hareketi\u2019nin kurucusu Victor Ananias ile tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe, k\u00fclt\u00fcre dayal\u0131 mirasa dair payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile botani\u011fe olan ilgisi devam eden Necmi Aksoy, D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi Orman Fak\u00fcltesi ve S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler \u00dcretim Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\u2019nde akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prof. Dr. Necmi Aksoy ile Ba\u011f, Bah\u00e7e, \u00c7i\u00e7ek Konferanslar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen Anadolu\u2019nun A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00c7al\u0131lar\u0131 sergisini, T\u00fcrkiye floras\u0131n\u0131n zenginli\u011fini ve bu zenginli\u011fi koruman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAnadolu A\u011fa\u00e7lar ve \u00c7al\u0131lar\u0131 Sergisi\u201dnin amac\u0131 nedir?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu serginin amac\u0131, Anadolu’nun zengin a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcrlerine dikkat \u00e7ekmek. Bu t\u00fcrlerin \u00e7o\u011fu hem endemik hem de iklim krizine kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131. Sergiyle, bu canl\u0131 mirasa dair fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019a mast\u0131r ve doktora i\u00e7in geldi\u011fimde, D\u00fczce\u2019nin Elmac\u0131k Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019ndaki bitki t\u00fcrlerini inceledim. Bat\u0131 Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesi, odunsu ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k orman t\u00fcrleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a zengin bir b\u00f6lge. Biz de bu \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi, e\u011fitimlerimizde ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131zda hep g\u00fcndeme getirdik. \u00d6rne\u011fin, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k 12 bin bitki taksonu<\/strong> var, 10 bin t\u00fcre ait ve bunlardan yakla\u015f\u0131k 870 tanesi<\/strong> a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131 <\/strong>formunda. Bu da olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7e\u015fitlilik. Bizim Akdeniz ekosistemine sahip olmam\u0131z ve ge\u00e7i\u015f b\u00f6lgesinde yer almam\u0131z, bu zengin odunsu floraya sahip olmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 186\u2019ya yak\u0131n a\u011fa\u00e7 taksonumuz <\/strong>var,  \u00e7al\u0131larla birlikte odunsu bitki taksonu say\u0131m\u0131z 870\u2019e<\/strong> yakla\u015f\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fczce\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda, 2006\u2019da DUOF Herbaryum\u2019unu (D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi Orman Fak\u00fcltesi Herbaryumu)<\/strong> kurduk. Burada, Bat\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019in bitki t\u00fcrlerini toplad\u0131k. \u015eu anda yakla\u015f\u0131k 12 bin bitki taksonu<\/strong> var ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00e7ok zengin floristik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yor. Bunlar\u0131 DUOF Sanal Herbaryumu\u2019ndan eri\u015febilir ve inceleyebilirsiniz.  Yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 y\u0131l u\u011fra\u015f verdi\u011fimiz S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler Botanik Bah\u00e7esi\u2019nde a\u011fa\u00e7, \u00e7al\u0131lar\u0131n ve s\u00fcs bitkilerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini yans\u0131t\u0131yoruz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sergimizin amac\u0131, Anadolu\u2019daki zengin a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7 k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131. Anadolu\u2019nun  biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin, hem k\u00fclt\u00fcr hem gen kayna\u011f\u0131 olan a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla 30\u2019a yak\u0131n ressam\u0131m\u0131z 60\u2019a yak\u0131n ill\u00fcstrasyon yapt\u0131<\/strong>. Bu vesileyle T\u00fcrkiye’nin ve Bat\u0131 Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinin zengin floristik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini ortaya koymak ve bunun k\u00fclt\u00fcrle olan ili\u015fkisini yans\u0131tmak istedik. Bu y\u0131lk\u0131 sergimizde, Anadolu\u2019nun a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcrlerini sergiliyoruz. Anadolu\u2019nun hem k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hem de genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini yans\u0131tan a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcrlerini tan\u0131t\u0131yoruz. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l da T\u0131bbi Bitkiler sergimiz vard\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcr ile etkile\u015fimi derken ne kastediyorsunuz?<\/em><\/strong>
<\/em><\/strong>21 Mart ekinoksun sembol\u00fc, bahar\u0131n gelmesi ile Nevruz kutlanmas\u0131, y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131nda y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcslenmesi; bunlar\u0131n hepsi do\u011fan\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcre yans\u0131mas\u0131. H\u0131d\u0131rellez, denizlerle karalar\u0131n birle\u015fmesi, adak ve dilek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc… Biliyorsunuz a\u011fa\u00e7lara, \u00e7al\u0131lara dilekler adan\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda bunun k\u00f6keni Hitit\u2019lere kadar uzan\u0131yor,  f\u0131rt\u0131na tanr\u0131s\u0131na dileklerini ve dualar\u0131n\u0131 iletmeye kadar uzanan bir adak \/dilek a\u011fac\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc var. Ve bu h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015fayan bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sergide ne t\u00fcr eserler sergilendi?<\/em><\/strong>
<\/em><\/strong>Sergide yakla\u015f\u0131k 30\u2019a yak\u0131n bitki ressam\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu\u2019daki a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcrlerine dair 60\u2019a yak\u0131n ill\u00fcstrasyonu yer al\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler Botanik Bah\u00e7esi (D\u00dcS\u2019den biraz bahseder misiniz?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

20 y\u0131ld\u0131r Bat\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019in tek botanik bah\u00e7esinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131yoruz. Bu Bah\u00e7e\u2019de, a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcs ve t\u0131bbi \u00f6zellikleri \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131yoruz. 60 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck bah\u00e7emizde, yakla\u015f\u0131k 500-600 bitki t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunuyor ve bu bitkilerin \u00e7o\u011fu odunsu \u00f6zelliklere sahip. Ayr\u0131ca, burada yakla\u015f\u0131k 12 farkl\u0131 ekolojik yap\u0131ya ait<\/strong>, 43 bah\u00e7e sergisinde bitkiler sergileniyor<\/strong>. Burada yakla\u015f\u0131k 550 odunsu taksona ait 10 binin \u00fczerinde dikim ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdik<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sergi ne kadar a\u00e7\u0131k kalacak, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ziyaret\u00e7i kabul ediliyor mu?<\/em><\/strong>
Sergi, 5 Haziran 2025 tarihine kadar D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi kamp\u00fcs\u00fcndeki S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler Botanik Bah\u00e7esi, Botanik ve Do\u011fa M\u00fczesi\u2019nde ziyaret\u00e7ilere a\u00e7\u0131k. Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcrede bilimsel bitki ressamlar\u0131m\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan at\u00f6lyeler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor. Farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden de \u00f6rne\u011fin Sanat, Tasar\u0131m ve Mimarl\u0131k Fak\u00fcltesinden, Peyzaj ve Orman M\u00fchendisli\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6\u011frenci gelerek bu at\u00f6lyelere kat\u0131l\u0131yor. Sergiye gelenler, ayn\u0131 zamanda Botanik Bah\u00e7emizde de bu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 canl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rebilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sergi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda \u201cgen kayna\u011f\u0131 olan Anadolu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 korumal\u0131y\u0131z\u201d dediniz. Gen kayna\u011f\u0131 ile neyi kastediyorsunuz?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu, \u00e7ok zengin bir b\u00f6lge. Buras\u0131 bir\u00e7ok meyve a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n genetik merkezi. Mesela, badem, yabani armut, \u00fcvez, ceviz, kiraz, erik, al\u0131\u00e7, be\u015fb\u0131y\u0131k, da\u011f mu\u015fmulas\u0131 gibi meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fimi Anadolu’dan ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, kurakl\u0131k ve don olaylar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren meyve t\u00fcrlerinin gen kayna\u011f\u0131 olan Anadolu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 korumam\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yani, bu a\u011fa\u00e7lar d\u00fcnyaya buradan m\u0131 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evet, d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7ok badem \u00fcreten \u00fclkeler \u015fu an Kaliforniya ve \u0130spanya. Ama bademin as\u0131l gen merkezi ve genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Anadolu\u2019da. T\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da durum ayn\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin antepf\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131, menengi\u00e7 gibi t\u00fcrler Anadolu\u2019da yer al\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, bu a\u00e7\u0131dan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir \u00fclke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze hem k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hem de biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Anadolu, az \u00f6nce belirtti\u011fim gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da meyve ve g\u00f6knar, ladin, sedir, s\u0131\u011fla (g\u00fcnl\u00fck), ard\u0131\u00e7, servi,  ak\u00e7a\u011fa\u00e7, kestane, di\u015fbudak, me\u015fe, kz\u0131la\u011fa\u00e7, hu\u015f, kavak, f\u0131nd\u0131k, ke\u00e7iboynuzu, zeytin gibi bir\u00e7ok orman a\u011fa\u00e7 ve \u00e7al\u0131s\u0131na ev  sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n zorlu ko\u015fullara dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan mekanizmalar var m\u0131?<\/em><\/strong>
<\/em><\/strong>Anadolu\u2019da yeti\u015fen baz\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrleri, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine dayan\u0131kl\u0131 genetik \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’da bu dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r var. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pek \u00e7ok meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na aiti  k\u00fclt\u00fcr varyeteleri, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yerli olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bir\u00e7o\u011fu yabanc\u0131 men\u015feilidir. Anadolu\u2019da end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7o\u011fu  k\u00fclt\u00fcr varyete ve  \u00e7e\u015fitleri  genellikle \u0130ngiltere, Almanya ve Kuzey Avrupa k\u00f6kenli. Golden, Starking, Granny Smith gibi t\u00fcrler de bunlar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ancak bu yabanc\u0131 men\u015feli t\u00fcrler, zaman zaman iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve mevsimsel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirler. Bunun yerine Anadolu\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fc geli\u015ftirilen  Amasya, Yalova gibi yerli k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitleri yan\u0131nda, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kullan\u0131lan ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine diren\u00e7li yeni meyve  k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlerimizi \u00fcretmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’nun yerli meyve \u00e7e\u015fitleri ise iklim de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine, kurakl\u0131\u011fa, don gibi zorlu ko\u015fullara ve b\u00f6ceklere, kemirgenlere  kar\u015f\u0131 daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varyasyonlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek, Anadolu’ya \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u00e7o\u011faltmak, bu konuda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olacakt\u0131r. \u0130klim normalken iyi verim ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u00fclt\u00fcrler kurakl\u0131k, ge\u00e7 don gibi durumlarda k\u00f6t\u00fc verim veriyorlar. Bu nedenle yerel k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerimizi geli\u015ftirmemiz \u00f6nemli. Mikro havzalarda, \u0131slah ve genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mesela Denizli \u00c7ivril\u2019de Nisan ve May\u0131s ge\u00e7  don olaylar\u0131 olur. Meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 bu ge\u00e7 don olaylar\u0131n\u0131 atlatabilirlerse ekonomik olarak da fayda sa\u011flan\u0131r. \u0130spanyollar ayn\u0131 ge\u00e7 don olay\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7 \u0130berya b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir badem \u0131rk\u0131 (Makako) geli\u015ftirmi\u015fler. Biz bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc kullanmaya kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ekstra sertifika bedeli \u00f6demek zorunda kal\u0131yoruz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile bizim kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u0131rk ve \u00e7e\u015fitlerimizi  geli\u015ftirmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin korunmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi dedi\u011fimiz, yani o t\u00fcr\u00fcn genetik olarak zengin, diren\u00e7li bireylerini kullanmam\u0131z. Ama \u015fu an bu yabani \u0131rklara \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verilmiyor, end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131ma y\u00f6nelim devam ediyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asl\u0131nda iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi hepsini etkiliyor, ama yerli t\u00fcrler daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 m\u0131 oluyor?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evet, kesinlikle b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir\u00e7ok akademisyen bu konuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ancak ne yaz\u0131k ki bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, sekt\u00f6re ve end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fcyor. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler, orman k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri ve di\u011fer \u00fcreticiler genellikle kitlesel \u00fcretim yapma pe\u015finde. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Denizli’nin \u00c7ivril il\u00e7esini ele alal\u0131m. Burada, 700-800 metre y\u00fckseklikteki ova, Nisan sonu ve May\u0131s ba\u015f\u0131nda don olaylar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yor. E\u011fer meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 bu don olaylar\u0131n\u0131 atlatabilirse, ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fayda sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ama bu t\u00fcr \u0131slah ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131 t\u00fcr se\u00e7me \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n, mikro havzalarda, uzun s\u00fcre ve periyodik olarak devam etmesi gerekiyor. Ancak, biz bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in, \u00f6rne\u011fin Denizli’de don olay\u0131 meydana geliyor, ya da so\u011fuk hava \u00e7ukurlar\u0131 ve su s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 gibi sorunlar nedeni ile badem \u00fcretiminde sorunlar ya\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bademin gen merkezi Anadolu\u2019dur. Bu t\u00fcrler, burada k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve Anadolu’da yeti\u015fen yabani \u0131rklar daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, yerli \u0131rklar\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fimizi koruyarak, b\u00f6lge b\u00f6lge ve mikro havzalara \u00f6zel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmam\u0131z gerekiyor. Aksi takdirde, kurakl\u0131k ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi sorunlar bizi daha fazla etkileyecek. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, bu konuda \u00f6ncelikle gen merkezi olan geleneksel meyve k\u00fclt\u00fcr bah\u00e7elerini korumaya ve bu konuda daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Anadolu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilgili eklemek istedi\u011finiz bir \u015fey var m\u0131?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu\u2019da 18 farkl\u0131 me\u015fe t\u00fcr\u00fc alt taksolar ile bu say\u0131 24\u2019e \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu,  t\u00fcm Akdeniz havzas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zenginlik. Ayr\u0131ca elma, kiraz, erik, armut, badem, menengi\u00e7, menengi\u00e7, al\u0131\u00e7 gibi bir\u00e7ok yerli t\u00fcr de Anadolu’da yayg\u0131n. Orman a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olan g\u00f6knar a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131z, kuzey Anadolu\u2019daki  g\u00f6knarlar\u0131m\u0131z, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en iyi y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7am\u0131 olarak bilinir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bu k\u00f6knar t\u00fcr\u00fc Amerika’da Abies nordmanniana , Nordmann G\u00f6knar\u0131 veya Kafkas g\u00f6knar\u0131 ad\u0131 ile sat\u0131l\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, s\u0131\u011fla (g\u00fcnl\u00fck) a\u011fac\u0131 da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yer tutuyor. Antik M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da parf\u00fcm ve mumya sanayisinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f iken, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de Anadolu’da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Kestane, hurma, f\u0131st\u0131k \u00e7am\u0131 ve di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok yerli t\u00fcr, b\u00f6lgesel olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze pek \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 bulmu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu kadar zengin bir flora ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ve ekolojik afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik olu\u015fturuyor. Ancak, bu genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in bozulmu\u015f ekolojik sistemlerin yeniden iyile\u015ftirilmesi ve yabani t\u00fcrlerin yeniden do\u011faya kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaban Alanlar\u0131n\u0131 Koruyarak Ekolojik Felaketlerin Etkilerini Azaltabiliriz <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gen kayna\u011f\u0131 olan yaban a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, ekolojik afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7li hale getirilebiliyor diyorsunuz. Peki biz yaban a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n da, k\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak faaliyetler yapabiliyor muyuz?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evet, tam olarak \u015f\u00f6yle ki; her bir ekolojik yap\u0131 diren\u00e7li olursa, etkiler azal\u0131r. Ama e\u011fer biz insan etkisiyle, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 yaban olan bu alanlar\u0131 bozarsak, bunlar diren\u00e7siz kal\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, monok\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rmalar ya da tek tip end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131m ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131, yerel ekosistemleri bozabilir. Bu t\u00fcr tar\u0131msal ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerde, e\u011fer a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 tek tip yeti\u015ftirirseniz, bu da di\u011fer ekosistemleri ve canl\u0131lar\u0131 diren\u00e7siz b\u0131rakabilir. Bunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve di\u011fer hastal\u0131klarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmek ad\u0131na do\u011fa koruma alanlar\u0131, arboretumlar, botanik bah\u00e7eleri, gen ormanlar\u0131, tohum me\u015fcereleri ve bankalar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmal\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 kolektif bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gerektiriyor; \u00fcniversiteler, tar\u0131m ve orman bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ilgili birimleriyle ve sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 birlikte hareket etmeli. Bu sergi ve konferanslarla yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015fey, bu s\u00fcrece katk\u0131da bulunmak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi bu konuda ne gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor?<\/em><\/strong>
<\/em>D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi’nde Botanik Bah\u00e7emiz, Herbaryumumuz ve Orman Fak\u00fcltemizde Do\u011fa ve Bilim M\u00fczemiz var. Ayr\u0131ca s\u00fcs ve t\u0131bbi bitkiler \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapan bir uygulama e\u011fitim merkezimiz de bulunuyor. Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekteyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu\u2019daki endemik taksonlara dair \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ne kadar eskiye dayan\u0131yor?<\/em><\/strong>
<\/em>Endemik takson \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye floras\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 1960\u2019lara kadar uzan\u0131yor ama k\u00f6keni daha eskiye, 1850\u2019li y\u0131llara, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine kadar gidiyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, D\u00fczce\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k 1250 bitki taksnonu var. Biz bu t\u00fcrlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na ald\u0131k ve d\u00fczenli olarak izliyoruz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 Sergisi\u2019nde bitki ressamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Bitki ressaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sanatsal yan\u0131 haricinde i\u015flevi nedir?<\/em><\/strong>
<\/em>Bitki ressaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir alan. E\u011fitim kitaplar\u0131ndan, \u00e7ocuk kitaplar\u0131na, bilimsel yay\u0131nlara kadar bir\u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgesel ve ulusal flora \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir etkisi var. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u015fu anda T\u00fcrkiye Floras\u0131 yeniden yaz\u0131l\u0131yor,  \u201cResimli T\u00fcrkiye Floras\u0131\u201c ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada da taksonomik betimlemeler i\u00e7in ilgili bitki i\u00e7in ill\u00fcstrasyon  \u00e7izimlerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyuluyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yeni bitki ressamlar\u0131na \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 var.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prof. Dr. Necmi Aksoy, Nisan ay\u0131nda D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u201cAnadolu A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00c7al\u0131lar\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 bir sergi organize etti. D\u00fczce \u00dcniversitesi, S\u00fcs ve T\u0131bbi Bitkiler \u00dcretim Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi ile Kariyer Geli\u015ftirme ve Mezun \u0130zleme Uygulama…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":299161,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[804,53,18,34,716,26,1469,73,58],"tags":[177,274,1494,1184,1493],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299159"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=299159"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":299207,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/299159\/revisions\/299207"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/299161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=299159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=299159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=299159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}