{"id":298105,"date":"2024-04-01T19:02:14","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T16:02:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=298105"},"modified":"2024-04-01T19:02:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T16:02:16","slug":"gida-uretiminde-su-stresi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/gida-uretiminde-su-stresi\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0131da \u00fcretiminde su stresi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tar\u0131msal faaliyetler d\u00fcnyadaki su t\u00fcketiminin neredeyse %70\u2019inden sorumlu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6steriyor ki, talep art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in tar\u0131msal sulamada kullan\u0131lan su miktar\u0131n\u0131n 2050\u2019ye kadar iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekebilir. Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z temiz su h\u0131zla azal\u0131yor ve bunun sorumlusu n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu\u011fday Derne\u011fi\u2019nin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u0131da Krizi Raporu; tohumdan tarlaya, tarladan taba\u011f\u0131m\u0131za kadar uzanan zincirde, g\u0131da ve beslenmenin gizli maliyetlerini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Krizle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmek i\u00e7in, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve d\u00fcnyada yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve denenmi\u015f \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri ortaya koymakla birlikte su krizine de dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcretim ve t\u00fcketim y\u00f6ntem ve al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z eskisinden \u00e7ok daha fazla su t\u00fcketmemize neden oluyor. Son 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusu \u00fc\u00e7 kat b\u00fcy\u00fcrken su kaynaklar\u0131na olan talep yedi kat artt\u0131. Yani ninelerimizden yedi kat daha fazla su kullan\u0131yoruz. \u00dcstelik suyu sadece a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullanmakla kalm\u0131yoruz, kullan\u0131rken kirletiyoruz. Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z su do\u011fal d\u00f6ng\u00fcde temizlenebilirken, onu kimyasallarla kirleterek y\u00fczlerce, binlerce y\u0131l kullan\u0131lamayacak zehirli bir s\u0131v\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir tarafta a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 su kullan\u0131m\u0131 di\u011fer tarafta ise kurakl\u0131k var. Yar\u0131 kurak iklim \u00f6zelliklerine sahip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 574 mm, y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 450 milyar metrek\u00fcp olsa da iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131k, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u0131dam\u0131z\u0131 tehdit ediyor. Bu nedenle suyun tasarruflu ve en elveri\u015fli \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her a\u015famada ve toplumun her kesiminde acilen politika, plan, y\u00f6ntem ve ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DS\u0130\u2019nin 2021\u2019de 25 akarsu havzas\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, \u00fclkemizde \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lara y\u00f6nelik (sulama suyu temini, i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu temini vb.) olarak y\u0131ll\u0131k kullan\u0131labilir su potansiyelinin 112 milyar metrek\u00fcp. Bu potansiyelin 94 milyar metrek\u00fcp\u00fc\u00fc yer \u00fcst\u00fc suyu, 18 milyar metrek\u00fcp\u00fc ise yeralt\u0131 suyu.K\u00f6y Hizmetleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (KHGM) verilerine g\u00f6re, \u00fclkemizde ekonomik olarak sulanabilir tar\u0131m arazisi 8,5 milyon hektar. \u00dclkemizde di\u011fer kurumlarca sulamaya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alanlarla birlikte sulanan alan miktar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 6,85 milyon hektara ula\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raporda da yer alan, Jeoloji M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Konya \u015eubesi\u2019nin A\u011fustos 2022\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veriler, Konya Ovas\u0131’nda yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131 seviyesinin son 25 y\u0131lda 18 metre d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor. En fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f 4 metreyle 2022\u2019de ya\u015fand\u0131, as\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fmeler bile kurudu. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kurakl\u0131kla birlikte yer alt\u0131 su seviyesindeki azalmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fan yar\u0131klar ve obruklar da Orta ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu havzalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131ndan biri haline geldi. Ocak 2023\u2019te obruk olu\u015fumunda say\u0131 toplamda 2 bin 240\u2019a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yer alt\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n seviyesinin d\u00fc\u015fmesinin ve kurumas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki nedeni var: Tar\u0131mda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 su kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sonucu olarak mevsim ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi. Konya Kapal\u0131 Havzas\u0131\u2019nda tar\u0131msal sulama i\u00e7in su kullan\u0131m oran\u0131, %88 ile T\u00fcrkiye genelindeki kullan\u0131m oran\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek. FAO\u2019nun raporlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, tar\u0131m arazilerinden gelen azot ve fosfor ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 da k\u00fcresel olaraksu kalitesini etkileyen en \u00f6nemli sorunlar aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7anlar bizim i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131yor!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temiz su i\u00e7meye devam edebilmek ve g\u00fczel meyvelerin tad\u0131na bakabilmek ve bir dilim ekme\u011fe muhta\u00e7 olmamak i\u00e7in bir an \u00f6nce harekete ge\u00e7meliyiz. \u00dcretim, tedarik ve t\u00fcketim y\u00f6ntemlerinde paradigma de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. G\u0131dan\u0131n ger\u00e7ek bedelini sorgulamam\u0131z, \u201dbu bedelleri nas\u0131l azaltabiliriz?\u201d sorusunun yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 vermemiz ve i\u015f i\u015ften ge\u00e7meden sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, ve adil g\u0131daya \u00fcretim, tedarik ve t\u00fcketim y\u00f6ntemlerini hayata ge\u00e7irmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rapor, ekolojik bozulma gibi d\u0131\u015fsall\u0131klar\u0131n sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan en ciddi sorunlardan birinin de toplumsal adalet oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm b\u00fct\u00fcne bakmakta<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rapor g\u00f6steriyor ki \u00fcretimden t\u00fcketime kadar uzanan yolda k\u0131sa vadeli verimlilik ve maddi k\u00e2r\u0131n yerine bereket ve b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zeten anlay\u0131\u015fa ve bu anlay\u0131\u015fla hayata ge\u00e7irilecek politikalara ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. Canl\u0131 cans\u0131z her \u015fey bir b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve ekolojik ya\u015famda b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn par\u00e7alar\u0131 birbiriyle uyumlu\/dengeli bir birliktelik i\u00e7indedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E\u011fer k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flamak istiyorsak, do\u011fadaki canl\u0131 cans\u0131z t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 insan ve hayvan haklar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 tutmayan bir anlay\u0131\u015fa sahip olmam\u0131z gerekiyor. Bu da ancak sanayi devrimiyle hayat\u0131m\u0131za giren ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc krizlerin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan politika ve tutumlar\u0131 terk ederek yerine ya\u015fam\u0131n bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 esas alan tutum ve politikalar\u0131 yerle\u015ftirmemizle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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G\u0131da Krizi Raporu\u2019nun tamam\u0131na buradan<\/a><\/strong> ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tar\u0131msal faaliyetler d\u00fcnyadaki su t\u00fcketiminin neredeyse %70\u2019inden sorumlu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6steriyor ki, talep art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in tar\u0131msal sulamada kullan\u0131lan su miktar\u0131n\u0131n 2050\u2019ye kadar iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gerekebilir. Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z temiz su h\u0131zla azal\u0131yor ve bunun sorumlusu n\u00fcfus…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":298106,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[804,18,49,41],"tags":[1403,1405,1402,1384,1404,965,662,1406],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298105"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=298105"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":298107,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298105\/revisions\/298107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/298106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=298105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=298105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=298105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}