{"id":289015,"date":"2023-01-26T18:34:56","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T15:34:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/?p=289015"},"modified":"2023-01-26T18:34:58","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T15:34:58","slug":"gidalarda-pestisit-kokteyli-tehlikesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/gidalarda-pestisit-kokteyli-tehlikesi\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0131dalarda pestisit kokteyli tehlikesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Resmi verilere g\u00f6re, \u00f6zellikle 2015 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk kez \u00e7evre alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir STK ile halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131, pestisitlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkileriyle ilgili bir rapora birlikte imza att\u0131. \u00c7evre, \u0130klim ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u0130\u00e7in \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Projesi (\u00c7\u0130S\u0130P) kapsam\u0131nda bir araya gelen Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve \u00c7evre Birli\u011fi (HEAL), Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uzmanlar\u0131 Derne\u011fi (HASUDER), Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anabilim Dal\u0131 ve Bu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi\u2019nden uzmanlar, \u2018Pestisitler ve Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa Etkileri\u2019 raporunu yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>\u00c7evre, \u0130klim ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Projesi (\u00c7\u0130S\u0130P) kapsam\u0131nda bir araya gelen STK\u2019lar ve kurumlar, \u2018Pestisitler ve Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa Etkileri\u2019 raporunu yay\u0131nlad\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2015\u2019ten sonra \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk kez \u00e7evre alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir STK ile halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131 pestisitlerle ilgili bir rapora birlikte imza att\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Sadece tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda de\u011fil, \u015fehirlerde de yo\u011fun olarak kullan\u0131lan pestisitler, yani tar\u0131m zehrinin etkisi, anne karn\u0131ndaki fet\u00fcsten anne s\u00fct\u00fcne, \u00e7e\u015fme suyundan okul bah\u00e7esine ve y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f alanlar\u0131na kadar her yerde g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Raporda g\u0131dalarda birden fazla pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bulundu\u011funa, yani g\u0131dalar\u0131n daha tehlikeli olan \u2018pestisit kokteyli\u2019 i\u00e7erdi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Karar vericilere \u2018ulusal pestisit eylem plan\u0131\u2019 haz\u0131rlama \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pestisit g\u0131da a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7are de\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2018Pestisitler ve Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa Etkileri\u2019 raporuna g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda glifosat bazl\u0131 750 farkl\u0131 pestisit form\u00fclasyonu bulunuyor. Her \u00fcreticinin farkl\u0131 oranlarda aktif bile\u015fen ve form\u00fcl\u00fc bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in, pestisitlerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etki de ayn\u0131 oranda karma\u015f\u0131k. 2018\u2019de d\u00fcnyada pestisit ticaretinin 6 milyon tona ve 38 milyar dolara ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa vadeli ekonomik faydas\u0131, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7evre pahas\u0131na oluyor. Pestisitle artan g\u0131da \u00fcretimi, d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fanan ciddi a\u00e7l\u0131k sorununu da bitirmedi. G\u0131dalarda birden fazla pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bulunuyor, yani g\u0131dalar \u2018pestisit kokteyli\u2019 i\u00e7eriyor. Baz\u0131 durumlarda daha y\u00fcksek toksisite ile sonu\u00e7lanan sinerjik etkile\u015fimler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pestisitlerin yayg\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131n aksine, sadece tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde de\u011fil, \u015fehirlerde ha\u015fere ve kemirgenlerle m\u00fccadele de kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, kentsel alanlardaki pestisit maruziyetinin de tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131ndaki kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor. Pestisitlerin, emilim, s\u00fcz\u00fclme, buharla\u015fma, sprey s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesi ve y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi yollarla kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 alanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7evresel ortamlara ge\u00e7ebildi\u011fine, canl\u0131lar\u0131n g\u0131dalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra evde, okulda, i\u015f yerinde, k\u0131sacas\u0131 her yerde pestisitlere maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken raporda, pestisitlerin hayati tehlike yaratan sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Akut zehirlenmelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra her y\u0131l kullan\u0131lan y\u00fczlerce ton pestisit insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ciddi risk te\u015fkil ediyor. T\u00fcrkiye Ulusal Zehir Dan\u0131\u015fma Merkezi\u2019nin (UZEM) 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re, UZEM\u2019e ba\u015fvuran 217 bin 323 vakadan 8 bin 945\u2019i tar\u0131m kimyasallar\u0131na maruz kalm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zehirsizsofralar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/PEST\u0130S\u0130T-POSTU-2-G\u00d6RSEL-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1328\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7ocuklar da risk alt\u0131nda<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada pestisitin etkiledi\u011fi gruplar \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor: \u201cMaruz kalan y\u00fcksek risk gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda pestisit \u00fcretiminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri bulunuyor. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda anne karn\u0131ndaki fet\u00fcs etkileniyor. Pestisit anne s\u00fct\u00fcne de ge\u00e7iyor, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bebekler etkileniyor. \u00c7e\u015fme suyundan okul bah\u00e7esine kadar her yerde pestisit bulunuyor, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla her kesimden insan pestisitlerin olumsuz etkilerine maruz kal\u0131yor. Pestisitler okullar, park ve bah\u00e7elerde de yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Okul binalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan pestisitler, kitaplar, raflar, s\u0131ralar ve duvarlara yap\u0131\u015fabilme \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip. \u00c7ocuklar buralara temas etti\u011finde, pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcnyelerine alabiliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pestisitlerin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7eken Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Dr. Melike Yavuz, \u201cPestisitlerin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararlar\u0131 konusunda bilimsel veriler art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steriyor. Buna ra\u011fmen T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de pestisit sat\u0131\u015f ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 artt\u0131. Hastal\u0131k ve sa\u011fl\u0131k zarar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, insanlar\u0131n zararl\u0131 pestisitlere maruz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 azaltacak \u00f6nlemleri acilen almam\u0131z gerekiyor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kanser ile yak\u0131n ili\u015fki<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. \u00c7i\u011fdem \u00c7a\u011flayan ise pestisitlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkisi konusunda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cAra\u015ft\u0131rmalar hem \u00e7ocuklarda hem de yeti\u015fkinlerde pestisitler ile kanser geli\u015fimi aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n ili\u015fki oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra pestisitler depresyon, dikkat eksikli\u011fi, zeka gerili\u011fi, parkinson, alzheimer, genetik, endokrin, sinir sistemi ve \u00fcreme hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunda rol oynuyor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6te yandan Bu\u011fday Derne\u011fi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Batur \u015eehirlio\u011flu, pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda AB \u00fclkelerinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye 372 bildirim yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. S\u00f6z konusu rakam, \u00f6nceki \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131; 2022\u2019nin ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda ise bildirim say\u0131s\u0131 259\u2019a y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eehirlio\u011flu \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015fuyor: \u201cTar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, pestisit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 konusunda i\u00e7 pazarda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 denetim sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u015feffafl\u0131kla payla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve ihra\u00e7 edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde pestisit kaynakl\u0131 bildirimlerin artmas\u0131, i\u00e7 pazara sunulan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde daha fazla pestisit bulunabilece\u011fine dair t\u00fcketicilerde endi\u015fe yarat\u0131yor. Di\u011fer yandan tar\u0131m zehirlerine mahkum de\u011filiz. D\u00fcnyada ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de pek \u00e7ok \u00e7ift\u00e7i zehirsiz g\u0131da \u00fcretiyor. Pek \u00e7ok proje ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen uygulamalar, entegre zararl\u0131 y\u00f6netimini kapsayan kademeli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci ile pestisitlere dayal\u0131 konvansiyonel tar\u0131m sisteminin yerini agroekolojik, organik ve onar\u0131c\u0131 tar\u0131ma b\u0131rakabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zehirsizsofralar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/PEST\u0130S\u0130T-POSTU-7-G\u00d6RSEL-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1329\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sular\u0131m\u0131zdaki 49 kirletici maddenin 33\u2019\u00fc pestisit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pestisitlerin i\u00e7me suyunda etkisi de raporda yer alan ba\u015fl\u0131klar aras\u0131nda. \u00d6zellikle yeralt\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerdeki i\u00e7me sular\u0131 i\u00e7in de ciddi bir tehdit s\u00f6z konusu. Tarlalarda kullan\u0131lan pestisitlerin kuyu sular\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 onlarca y\u0131l s\u00fcrebiliyor, ancak tar\u0131m b\u00f6lgelerinde yo\u011fun olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 yarat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki su kalitesine ili\u015fkin bilgilere de yer veren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, sular\u0131m\u0131zda tespit edilen 49 mikro kirleticinin 33\u2019\u00fc pestisit. Ayr\u0131ca raporda, pestisitlere y\u00f6nelik yeterli filtreleme\/ar\u0131tma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ulusal pestisit eylem plan\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Raporda, Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ilgili sekt\u00f6rlerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde, tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik \u2018zehir i\u00e7ermeyen ulusal eylem plan\u0131\u2019 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 talep edildi. Ayr\u0131ca AR-GE faaliyetlerinin say\u0131 ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin bilgilendirilmesi, pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin pestisitlerden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in tarih belirlemesi istenirken, bu tarih \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ulusal eylem plan\u0131 ve yol haritas\u0131 \u00fczerinde titizlikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131 vurgusu yap\u0131ld\u0131, \u201cZehirsiz tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da uygulamalar\u0131 Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n temel politikas\u0131 haline gelmeli\u201d ifadesi kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Raporun tamam\u0131na <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.env-health.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Pesticides_Brief_Final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">buradan<\/a> <\/strong>ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Resmi verilere g\u00f6re, \u00f6zellikle 2015 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk kez \u00e7evre alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir STK ile halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131, pestisitlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkileriyle ilgili bir rapora birlikte imza att\u0131&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":289016,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[804,18,41,716,715,337,1135],"tags":[537,160,1262,579,1261,1263,101,540,474,328,747],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289015"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=289015"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289015\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":289017,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289015\/revisions\/289017"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/289016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=289015"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=289015"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bugday.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=289015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}